Dar es Salaam to Amsterdam

In 1997 2-Proud launched his album Ndani ya Bongo on cassette tape making him the biggest star in Kiswahili-rap. In 1998 I invited Joseph Mbilinyi (2-Proud aka Mr II aka Sugu) to Amsterdam organising some sort of an "European tour". With the help of Thomas Gesthuizen he recorded a new album in an Amsterdam studio, John Gundlach and a good friend of him made a music video and I made daily telephone calls trying to get 2 Proud on stage in Amsterdam, on the radio and in newspapers, while he slept on my couch each night. I had succes with Hans Dulfer's radio show, a VPRO radio talk show, a journalist for the Dutch newspaoer Trouw wrote an article about 2 Proud, he shared a stage with the infamous Osdorp Posse at the Dread Rock Café, and he was billed as MC Too Proud at a Hip Hop Block Jam. Most of the photo's below were taken by unknown photographers.

After returning from Amsterdam his career took off. Joseph Mbilinyi kept on making rap albums and in 2010 he took office as a Member of Parliament for Chadema, a center-right political party in Tanzania running largely on an anti-corruption platform. His life is really an amazing success story.

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Ndani ya Bongo - Kiswahili rap

I made these photographs in 1997 for my M.A. thesis 'Ndani ya Bongo, Kiswahili-rap keeping it real' (2000). A shorter version of my thesis was published in 2000: Gesthuizen T. and Haas P.-J. ‘Ndani ya Bongo. Kiswahili rap keeping it real’, in Gunderson F. and Barz G. (eds), Mashindano! Competitive Music Performance in East Africa. Dar es Salaam: Mkuki na Nyota, 2000. As far as I know this was the first scholarly publication on Tanzanian hip-hop culture and rap music.

G.W.M - Gangsters with Matatizo (=problems).

G.W.M - Gangsters with Matatizo (=problems).

2 Proud, Mr II, Sugo; real name: Joseph Mbilinyi.

2 Proud, Mr II, Sugo; real name: Joseph Mbilinyi.

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